Composition of matter.



106. COMPOSITIONS,

' COATING OR PLASTIC.

c555 Refel'ence PATENT F I I .4. .nnoum HECKEL, or

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'9 2- y '*f8pwificationbf1ethnhhnt -Patented June 13,1911. ing.--Lpp1i0ation.fl1edlune 1,1aoa.=.l m1 10.499329. I

.To all whom may Be it known that I, Enounm) Hncm, a citizen of theFrench Re ublic, and a resident of Marseille, in the epartment of theBouches du Rhone, France, have invented a new and useful composition ofmatter to be used in processes of binding coal dusts and disintegratedcoals, slacks of every descrip{ tion and quality, mineral and vegetal,cokes, and easily employed with any .kind of ma chinery intended for themaking of coal briquets of all shapes, rectangular, ovoid, ball-shaped,etc., the composition producing :no disagreeable smoke or odor and beingvery strong and perfectly waterproof, of which the following is aspecification.

My composition consists of the followin ingredients: fecula (starch) orflour of bar rice, or corn or any other flour containing plenty ofstarch and amylopectin; bichromate of potassium, (Cr,O K Portlandcement, (natural or artificial;) water, substantially pure.

Amylopectin is a name given by Professor Macquenne to theamylocellulose, which was thought to exist, in small quantities only, inthe starch of the cereals, but may be formed spontaneously in thestarch, under the influence either of the weather or of some mineral ororganic matter, as shown by recent researches of the above namedProfessor Macquenne et RouxA'rmaZes de phyaz'gue et Ohz'mie 1906andReports Remius dc ZAcadmie de Science de Paris 1903 p. 42.

The ingredients forming my composition are to be thoroughly mixed andreduced into a aste by boiling with water.

t is very simple to make coal briquets with the said composition ofmatter: only to add the coal dust or slacks of any descri tion to theabove ingredients. They may mixed and reduced into paste eitherseparately or all together, great advantage permitting the effective useof this binder with any kind of existing processes and of briquetingmachinery.

Briquets are now made with pitch and two processes are principallyemployed: In one, the pitch is melted into a tank, then carried toseveral mixers where it is thoroughly mixed with the coal dust,preparatory to 0 into the presses producing the desired s ape. For thatprocess, the three similar tank or any other suitable recipient, thepaste is conveyed to the mixers where it is 'thoroughl when being of a:fit consistency and very homogenous, is directed into the presses. Inthe, second process, the pitch and coal dusts are cracked and mixed whendry ina special mixer, conveyed to a. second mixer where they areconverted into paste by .means of live "steam, the paste goes then intothe presses. For that process, the three ingredients "forming mycomposition are mixed, being -in"powders,-with thecoal (lust and reducedinto paste in the second mixer by -means-of the live steam, the paste isthen conveyed into the presses. The briquets, after their compression,must be left in a dry stove or oven, or passage kept at a temperature of100 C., durin half an hour for the ovoids or ball-shaped orms of smallweight, one hour for the briquets of ten pounds, one hour and a half forthe briquets of twenty pounds. After that necessary desiccation, thebriquets have acquired a sufiicient hardness to stand rough handling andtheir coherence increases in the course of time, they remain in goodcondition in damp duced into paste by w mter a y mixed with the coaldust and places and even when completely immersed in water, finall theyburn without producing any smo e or disagreeable smell as briquets madewith pitch do. The ashes, left by the combustion are 1.25% (per cent.)higher in weight than the ashes normally contained in the coal or themixture of coal used for the manufacture of briquets.

There is a very eat variety of different coals, anthracite, ituminous,lignite, etc., and each kind varying in its composition, the formula forthe employment of this binder varies accordingly on account of the coalused. For the anthracite briquets, it is in weight as follows:

'2 1 z Water (about) 45 gallons All that for 1940 pounds of slack orcoal dust.

ingredients forming my composition are re- For lignite briquets, themost difiicult to bind, the formula must .be altered .as follows:

Fecula Sstarch! or flour of hard 5 rice, or 0 corn, e c 64 pounds Porland cem t (natural or artificial; 5 pounds Bichromate of 0 t a s si u mr 1 2 10 ounces Water (about) 40 gallons All that for 1920 pounds oflignite powder or dust.

With and between these two formulas, any quality of coal may besuccessfully briqueted. The manipulations, care for mixing, with anykind of coals are quite the same, varying only a little in accordancewith the machinery used, but for the desiccation of lignite briquets,the temperature in the ovens must be kept between and 0., and theoperation must last about half an hour more than the time previouslyfixed for the various kinds of anthracite. The quality of the coalemployed necessitates only slight changes in he proportioning and thepreparation of the ingredients, and it will be found more useful andconvenient in use in the briqueting establishments.

I claim:

The herein-described composition of matter, consisting of flour of anycereals, vegetables and plants containing starch and amylopectin,bichromate of potassium (Cr O K Portland cement (natural andartificial), water, substantially as described and for the purposespecified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

EDOUARD HEOKEL. Witnesses:

' EBERLIN PHILIPPE,

OLLARY FRANQOIS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for live cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

